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Sacroiliac Joint Dysfunction

What is sacroiliac joint dysfunction?

Sacroiliac joint dysfunction occurs when the sacroiliac joints, which connect the spine to the pelvis, become irritated or inflamed, causing pain in the lower back, buttocks, or legs. This condition can disrupt normal mobility and affect quality of life.

Symptoms

Common symptoms include:

  • Pain or tenderness in the lower back or buttock area
  • Radiating pain down the leg, often mimicking sciatica
  • Discomfort when standing up from a seated position
  • Difficulty walking or climbing stairs
  • A feeling of instability in the pelvic region

Causes

The causes of sacroiliac joint dysfunction may include:

  • Trauma or injury to the pelvis or lower back
  • Arthritis affecting the sacroiliac joints
  • Pregnancy-related changes in pelvic stability
  • Degenerative conditions
  • Abnormal gait or posture causing uneven load on the joints

Diagnosis

Diagnosis typically involves:

  • A thorough history and physical examination focusing on pain patterns and mobility
  • Imaging such as X-rays or MRI to rule out other causes and assess joint health
  • Diagnostic injections into the sacroiliac joint to confirm pain source

Treatment and Surgical Management

Conservative treatments often include:

  • Physical therapy targeting pelvic stability and posture correction
  • Pain relief medication and anti-inflammatory treatments
  • Activity modification and assistive devices if necessary

Surgical intervention is rare and considered when symptoms are severe and persistent despite conservative therapy. Surgical options may include joint fusion to stabilise the sacroiliac joint.